Amplitude of Accommodation and Its Relationship with Refractive Errors

Abstract

Presbyopia, the common condition of age-related vision condition which leads to difficulty in focusing on nearby objects because of alterations in the lenses of eyes. Its effect differs from emmetropic to hypermetropic persons.The present study aimed to compare between patients with fluctuating eyes and patients with fluctuating eyes when reaching (40) years of age. In this descriptive study, 80 persons with presbyopia whose ages were >35 years were enrolled. From each participant, demographic data were obtained including sex, age, occupations, educational levels as well as medical history and results of eye examination. For clinical examinations we used Snellen charts, retinoscopy, trial cases, auto-refractor as well as proximal charts for data collection. In the present study, we focused on the visual acuity variation and requirement through various demographics. In addition we focused on sex, age with the dynamic of accommodative amplitudes in relations to different types of refractions. Data obtained from (80) participants showed an evenly distribution of males and females, with a remarkable decline in accommodative amplitudes when age increased, and this decline was predominantly significant in the oldest group (70-79) years, who exhibited the lowest amplitude level. Moreover, our study investigated the association between accommodative amplitudes and refraction type and showed that emmetropia mostly happens at the lowest amplitudes, while myopia and hypermetropia were more predominant at the highest amplitudes. The main finding in the study was the direct relationship between declined accommodative amplitudes and increased dependence on near vision corrections, as shown by the highest diopter additions necessary for individuals with diminished amplitudes. This study’s results demonstrated the ages and refractive trait’s effects on accommodative capabilities and consequent needs for tailored corrective strategy.