pdf Evaluation of immunoglobulin levels (IgE, IgM, and IgG) and nasal symptoms among wheat flour mill workers in Najaf city

Zaid M. Mohammed Al-Hakkak

Abstract

            The inhalation of particles from wheat flour in the workplace has been linked to an inflammatory reaction. This study examined the frequency of nasal symptoms among wheat flour mill employees in Najaf city. The study evaluated immunological parameters, including IgE, IgG, IgM, anti-gliadin IgA and IgG antibodies, and nasal smear eosinophil count, in 48 not smokers male flour mill employees  (mean age: 35.83±8.3 years, mean duration of employment: 9.22±3.16 years) and 37 unexposed non-smokers (mean age: 35.78±8.66 years).

In addition, Using a standardized questionnaire, 80 non-smoker male flour mill employees and 70 unexposed non-smokers were assessed for nasal symptoms. The study group was separated into three job-type subgroups: cleaning employees  (high exposure), packing employees  (intermediate), and milling employees  (low exposure). The results indicated a significant rise (P≥0.05) in total IgE and IgM serum levels among packing and milling employees compared to the control group.

The results demonstrated a significantly elevated (p≥0.05) percentage of positive anti-gliadin IgG and nasal eosinophil counts in cleaning employees compared to the control group and milling employees. The study noted an elevated prevalence (p≥0.05) of nose symptoms, such as sneezing, nasal irritation, rhinitis, and nose catarrh, among all three occupational categories. The findings indicated a significant correlation (P<0.05) between average serum concentrations of IgE, IgG, and IgM and the period of employment of wheat flour mill employees.